Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) are becoming increasingly popular as investors look for ways to protect their portfolios from the impact of inflation. These unique bonds are designed to shield investors from the adverse effects of rising prices by adjusting their principal value based on changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
How TIPS Work
The principal of a TIPS bond increases with inflation and decreases with deflation, as measured by the CPI. When the bond matures, investors receive the adjusted principal or the original principal, whichever is greater. TIPS also pay interest twice a year at a fixed rate, but the interest payment amount varies because it is calculated based on the adjusted principal.
Benefits of Investing in TIPS
- Inflation Protection: The primary benefit of TIPS is their ability to protect investors from inflation. As the CPI rises, the principal value of the bond increases, ensuring that the investment maintains its real value.
- Low Risk: TIPS are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, making them a relatively low-risk investment.
- Diversification: TIPS can be a valuable addition to a diversified portfolio, as they tend to perform well during periods of rising inflation, which may not be the case for other asset classes.
Considerations Before Investing
While TIPS offer inflation protection, it’s important to consider a few factors before investing:
- Tax Implications: The increase in the principal value of TIPS is taxable in the year it occurs, even though the investor does not receive the cash until the bond matures or is sold.
- Real Interest Rates: The yield on TIPS is a real interest rate, which is the nominal interest rate minus inflation. If inflation expectations are low, the real yield on TIPS may also be low.
Conclusion
TIPS can be a useful tool for investors seeking to protect their portfolios from inflation. However, it’s important to understand how they work and to consider the tax implications and real interest rates before investing.